Помогите перевести текст Policing traffic in London How it all Started в литературном виде!
The Metropolitan Police Act of 1839 gave police specific powers to deal
with traffic, albeit limited to special occasions. Traffic policing soon became an
accepted part of police duty and the control and regulation of traffic is now a
major task for police in London.
The first experiments with traffic signals started in the borough of
Westminster in 1868. Towards the end of the 19th century more controls were
introduced as the number of motor vehicles on the streets began to rise.
During the First World War a special arrangement was made by the police
to deal
with traffic. This proved the value of having a separate body to deal with traffic
matters and in 1919 the traffic department of the Metropolitan Police was
formed.
In 1955 the Central Traffic Squad was formed. This squad had its own
«Traffic Control Room» at Wellington Arch Police Station, the smallest police
station in London (no longer in use), which is located in the middle of Hyde
Park Comer. It was from this original concept that the present concept of traffic
control was formed and the original squad eventually became the Traffic Patrol
of today.
Each of London's five policing Areas has a Traffic Unit which operates
from two or three traffic garages under the command of a Chief Inspector. The
traffic units form part of a larger Area Operations Operational Command Unit (OCU) which incorporate the Territorial Support Group, the Dog Section and
the Mounted Branch. The OCU is commanded by a Superintendent.
Traffic patrol officers are all volunteers selected from uniformed patrol
officers and are fully trained in traffic legislation and procedures. It is the
ambition of all traffic officers to attain advanced driving qualifications for
motorcycles and cars as well as being tramed as vehicle examiners and accident
investigators. Many officers are also trained to drive Heavy Goods Vehicles and
Public Service Vehicles. Traffic officers are easily identified by the white tops
to their peaked caps.
In 1960 the Traffic Warden Scheme was introduced to enforce the parking
regulations. Since their original formation the Traffic Warden service has seen
its powers extended to allow wardens to regulate traffic (point duty), authorise
the removal or claniping of illegally parked cars and, more recently, to issue
Endorsable Fixed Penalty notices for offences such as parking on pedestrian
crossings.
In 1968 the Metropolitan Police introduced the civil staff of Vehicle
Removal Officers who assist in removing vehicles causing obstruction or parked
contrary to regulations. Following the Road Traffic Act 1991 the enforcement of
the majority of parking within London was de-criminalised and became the
responsibility of the local authorities. Police are still responsible for enforcing
the designated priority routes (red routes) in London.